Most of the Miles Franklin collection came to the Mitchell Library, as a bequest, after Miles Franklin's death in 1954. The collection includes literary manuscripts, correspondence, photographs, realia and Miles Franklin's printed books collection. Miles Franklin's Waratah Cup was presented to the Library by the Misses Bridle in 1956. The Library acquired further literary manuscripts, including All That Swagger, from Messrs Berkelouw, antiquarian bookdealers, in 1995.

A selection of the Miles Franklin collection has been digitised in association with the exhibition Miles Franklin: a Brilliant Career?