Arthur Bowes Smyth (1750-1790), known as Bowes while in the colony, sailed with the First Fleet as Surgeon on board the Lady Penrhyn. He was responsible for the women convicts. The Mitchell Library and British Library versions of Bowes Smyth's journal include the names of women convicts on the Lady Penrhyn, and the names of children.

Three manuscript versions of this journal are known to exist. They are held at the National Library of Australia (believed to be the original version); and the British Library (fair copy). The Mitchell Library version is believed to be a fair copy.